Pilgrims at the Wednesday general audience Aug. 9, 2023, hold up an image of the Virgin Mary. / Credit: Daniel Ibañez/CNA

ACI Prensa Staff, May 1, 2025 / 14:30 pm (CNA).

The Catholic Church dedicates the entire month of May to the Blessed Virgin Mary, mother of God and spiritual mother of all.

In the plan of salvation, the Blessed Virgin Mary holds a special place. By virtue of her role to be the mother of the Son of God by divine election, she was conceived immaculately — i.e., without the stain of original sin — and by fidelity to her son has been crowned queen of heaven and earth. 

Everything Mary said and did leads to Christ. Who knows a child better than a mother? And what good and loving child does not know his or her mother and love her with all of his or her heart?

Mary knew and loved Jesus like no one else on earth — and she loves each of her children, human beings, with similar affection and tenderness.

The Church, in its wisdom, asks its children to be especially devoted to Mother Mary during the month of May and to be particularly grateful for all of her care.

A model for every Christian

Mary, the most humble of all women, is a model for everyone, today, in the here and now. She is a model in a particular way for every woman, as expressed by Pope Francis:

“There is only one model for you, Mary: the woman of fidelity, the one who did not understand what was happening to her but obeyed. The one who, as soon as she knew what her cousin needed took off [to help her], the Virgin of Promptness. The one who escaped as a refugee in a foreign country to save the life of her son,” Pope Francis said during an April 2014 message to 20,000 young people gathered in Buenos Aires, Argentina, for a regional youth day.

The first disciple

Years later, during an Aug. 24, 2021, catechesis, Pope Francis called Mary “the first disciple of Jesus” and reminded us that “Mary is there, praying for us, praying for those who do not pray. Why? Because she is our mother.”

The Virgin, through Jesus, has brought heaven closer to us and her life is the best proof that it is possible to reach it. Pope Francis said it best: “She shows us that heaven is within reach, if we too do not give in to sin, we praise God with humility, and we serve others with generosity” (Pope Francis, Angelus address on the solemnity of the Assumption, Aug. 15, 2022). 

A version of this story was first published by ACI Prensa, CNA’s Spanish-language news partner. It has been translated and adapted by CNA.

National Shrine and Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Sheshan, also known as Basilica of Mary, Help of Christians, in Shanghai, China. / Credit: lobia, via Wikimedia Commons

Vatican City, May 1, 2025 / 14:00 pm (CNA).

As the Catholic Church continues through a period of interregnum between the reign of popes, Chinese authorities have made moves to assert the Church in China’s autonomy from Rome by unilaterally “electing” two bishops — including in a diocese already led by a Vatican-appointed bishop.

On April 28, Father Wu Jianlin, vicar general of Shanghai, was chosen to be the city’s new auxiliary bishop by an assembly of local priests. The following day, Father Li Jianlin was “elected” bishop of the Diocese of Xinxiang.

As of Thursday afternoon there have been no reports that either priest has been installed as a bishop. 

Both appointments come during a sede vacante — the period when the Apotolic See is vacant following the death of Pope Francis on April 21 — a time during which the Holy See is unable to ratify episcopal nominations. A conclave to elect the next pope is scheduled to begin May 7.

These appointments in China will present the new pope with an early diplomatic challenge.

The appointment in Xinxiang is particularly contentious. The Vatican already recognizes Bishop Joseph Zhang Weizhu as the legitimate bishop of the diocese. Appointed clandestinely by Pope John Paul II in 1991, Zhang has spent decades ministering without state approval and has been arrested multiple times.

He was detained most recently in 2021 while recovering from cancer surgery and remains in custody without trial, according to a 2024 report by the Hudson Institute.

Father Li Jianlin, the diocese’s bishop-elect in the eyes of Beijing, has a history of alignment with the Communist Party. In 2018 he cosigned a directive enforcing a ban on minors attending Mass in Henan province. His appointment is viewed by observers as an overt challenge to Vatican authority, particularly given the presence of a sitting bishop already appointed by Rome.

The move underscores the fragile and often opaque relationship between the Vatican and Beijing. A 2018 provisional agreement between the two sides, renewed most recently in October 2024, is intended to regulate the appointment of bishops in China through a joint process.  

While the terms of the agreement have never been publicly disclosed, Asia News reported that even under the Vatican-China agreement, Beijing usually presented a single candidate to the Vatican chosen by assemblies of the clergy affiliated by the Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association, which the pope could then approve or not.  

In recent years, Vatican officials have acknowledged that Beijing has violated the agreement on multiple occasions. 

Bishop Shen Bin, installed by Chinese authorities in Shanghai in 2023 without Vatican approval, was later recognized by Pope Francis “for the good of the diocese” — a concession that sparked controversy. Wu’s appointment this week as Shen’s auxiliary appears to consolidate Shen’s power in Shanghai. 

The Vatican came under criticism during Francis’ pontificate for what some see as a muted response to China’s human rights abuses, including the internment of Uyghur Muslims and the imprisonment of Catholic pro-democracy activist Jimmy Lai in Hong Kong.  

Human rights groups have also documented ongoing persecution of underground Catholic clergy, with seven bishops currently detained without trial. 

On May 1, new restrictions from China’s United Front came into force banning foreign clergy from presiding over religious activities for Chinese people without the invitation of the Chinese government, severely limiting foreign missionary activity in the country. 

Meanwhile, state-sanctioned Catholic institutions in China offered little acknowledgement of Pope Francis’ death.  

The Patriotic Catholic Association mentioned it in passing on its website, while greater prominence was given to the 76th anniversary of the communist victory in Nanjing. On April 23, Catholics in Nanjing gathered to honor fallen People’s Liberation Army soldiers, with no mention of the late pontiff at the event, according to the blog Bitter Winter. 

As the conclave approaches, how the new pope navigates the challenging relationship with Beijing — and responds to episcopal appointments made without Rome — will likely define the next phase of Vatican diplomacy with China. 

null / Credit: lunamarina/Shutterstock

Washington, D.C. Newsroom, May 1, 2025 / 13:30 pm (CNA).

The more often Catholics in the United States attend Mass, the more likely they are to oppose proposed changes to the Church, such as blessing same-sex marriages and allowing women to become priests, a new Pew Research Center study reveals.

Pew Research surveyed 1,787 Catholics nationwide from Feb. 3–9 and asked their views on a wide range of topics. Pew’s report specifically tracked and categorized the answers of Catholics who attend Mass at least weekly and those who don’t. 

The Catechism of the Catholic Church states that participation in Mass “is a testimony of belonging and of being faithful to Christ and his Church” (No. 2182) and that “on Sundays and other holy days of obligation the faithful are bound to participate in the Mass“ (No. 2180). The precept of participating in the Mass is satisfied by attendance at Mass on Sundays or holy days, or on the evening of the preceding day.

According to the study, 53% of Catholics who attend weekly Mass said the Church should “stick to its traditional teachings” and limit change, while only 31% of those who attend less regularly affirmed the same position.

Between Catholics who attend Mass weekly and those who attend less regularly, the topic where the two groups differed the most was on the Church’s stance on recognizing gay marriages. 

Nearly two-thirds, or 66%, of Catholics who go to weekly Mass oppose Church recognition of gay marriages, while 58% of those who attend less frequently believe the Church should recognize same-sex marriages. 

Similarly, 56% of Catholics who go to weekly Mass oppose allowing women to become priests, while 67% of Catholics who attend less frequently are in favor of it. 

A majority of both weekly and non-weekly attendees, however, are in favor of women becoming deacons, with 54% of weekly attendees and 74% of non-weekly attendees supporting the proposal. 

According to the survey, Catholics who attend weekly Mass are sharply divided on the question of allowing priests to get married, with 49% in favor and 48% opposed. That is within the survey’s 3% margin of error. Non-weekly Mass-goers, meanwhile, clearly support such a change, with 69% in favor. 

Other issues surveyed showed less marked differences between the two groups. Large majorities of both weekly and non-weekly attendees believe the Catholic Church should allow the use of birth control (72% of weekly Mass-goers and 90% of less frequent participants). Seventy-one percent of weekly Mass attendees also believe the Church should allow couples to use in vitro fertilization (IVF) to get pregnant, a position also supported by 88% of non-weekly Mass attendees.

Pope Francis meets director Martin Scorsese in the Vatican on Nov. 30, 2016. / Credit: L’Osservatore Romano

CNA Staff, May 1, 2025 / 13:00 pm (CNA).

Filmmaker Martin Scorsese is producing a feature-length documentary about Pope Francis and the educational movement the late pontiff founded.

“Aldeas, a New Story” will feature conversations between Scorsese and the pope, including what is reportedly Francis’ final in-depth on-camera interview for a film.

The documentary will highlight the work of Scholas Occurrentes, the nonprofit Pope Francis created in 2013 that aims to bring about what the pope called a “culture of encounter” through the education system. 

Part of the group’s work has included filmmaking under the Aldeas Initiative, which brings together film production with education and community building. The program encourages participants to make scripted short films highlighting their identities and histories. 

The documentary will show the short films of participants of the Aldeas Initiative from Italy, Gambia, and Indonesia. 

Aldeas Scholas Film and Scorsese’s Sikelia Productions announced the documentary on April 30. The two production companies said the film is “a testament to the enduring belief that creativity is not only a means of expression but a path to hope and transformation.”

“Now, more than ever, we need to talk to each other [and] listen to one another cross-culturally,” Scorsese said in a statement. “One of the best ways to accomplish this is by sharing the stories of who we are, reflected from our personal lives and experiences. It helps us understand and value how each of us sees the world.” 

“It was important to Pope Francis for people across the globe to exchange ideas with respect while also preserving their cultural identity, and cinema is the best medium to do that,” the filmmaker said.

Before his passing, Pope Francis said Aldeas “is an extremely poetic and very constructive project because it goes to the roots of what human life is, human sociability, human conflicts… the essence of a life’s journey.”

A release date for the film has not been announced. 

After Pope Francis’ passing, Scorsese called the Holy Father “a remarkable human being” in a statement shared with ABC News. 

“He acknowledged his own failings. He radiated wisdom. He radiated goodness. He had an ironclad commitment to the good. He knew in his soul that ignorance was a terrible plague on humanity. So he never stopped learning,” Scorsese said.

He added: “The loss for me runs deep — I was lucky enough to know him, and I will miss his presence and his warmth. The loss for the world is immense. But he left a light behind, and it can never be extinguished.”

Members of the Catholic Theological Association of Nigeria (CATHAN) pledged to uphold the “theological and pastoral legacy” of the late Pope Francis, in a statement issued during their 39th annual conference and 40th anniversary commemoration. / Credit: CATHAN

ACI Africa, May 1, 2025 / 08:00 am (CNA).

Members of the Catholic Theological Association of Nigeria (CATHAN) have pledged to uphold the “theological and pastoral legacy” of the late Pope Francis, who was laid to rest on April 26.

In a communiqué issued after their 39th annual conference, which also coincided with the association’s 40th anniversary, CATHAN members mourn the late 266th pontiff, giving thanks to God for the gift of his 12-year pontificate and his “courageous witness to the Gospel in our time.”

“We pledge to carry forward the theological and pastoral legacy of the late Holy Father with renewed zeal and fidelity,” CATHAN members say in the April 25 communiqué following their conference at the Bishop Kelly Pastoral Centre in Nigeria’s Benin City Archdiocese.

Pope Francis passed away on Easter Monday, April 21. He was laid to rest on April 26 in his “beloved” Basilica of St. Mary Major as he explained in his testament. The late pontiff suffered a stroke that was followed by a coma and irreversible cardiovascular collapse. He had been hospitalized recently with double pneumonia and a respiratory infection.

The April 26 celebration was a global farewell to a humble shepherd, who was at the helm of the Catholic Church for a little more than 12 years.

In the communiqué shared with ACI Africa on Tuesday, April 29, the Catholic theologians in Nigeria reaffirmed their fidelity to the Church and the successor of St. Peter “in this moment of solemn transition.”

During the April 22–25 annual conference under the theme “Theology and Contemporary Approaches to Religion in Nigeria,” CATHAN members said they reflected on the need to integrate African traditional religions (ATR) with Christianity as “potential sources of theological insight in houses of formation and tertiary institutions.”

“We propose inclusive curricula that engage the complexities of religious pluralism head-on, integrating ATR and Christianity not as antithetical systems but as potential wellsprings of theological insight,” Nigeria’s Catholic theologians say in their communiqué.

They continued: “Informed by the imperative for a more profound evangelization, we emphasize the urgent need to reimagine theological formation within the vibrant context of lived African religious experiences.”

CATHAN members explained that the “reimagined” theological formation will empower “future Church leaders, especially those serving in missionary and formative roles, to engage Nigerian religiosity with both critical acumen and profound respect.”

Such “reimagined theological formation,” they say, will go a long way in helping Church leaders to stay “steadfast in orthodox doctrine while achieving pastoral relevance within an increasingly pluralistic African society.”

“This approach fosters a deeper understanding of the spiritual landscape and empowers effective intercultural and interreligious dialogue,” CATHAN members said, referring to what they described as the “urgent need to reimagine theological formation within the vibrant context of lived African religious experiences.”

To foster meaningful intercultural and interreligious dialogue in Nigeria’s increasingly diverse and pluralistic society, the Catholic theologians said they will have input in the development of theological formation curricula for evangelization that “inclusively engage the complexities of religious pluralism.” 

“We call for holistic scholarship that transcends polemics or mere apologetics,” CATHAN members say in the four-page communiqué, going on to acknowledge that “responses to (ATR), Christianity, and Islam are often influenced by historical wounds, cultural memory, theological presumptions, and sociopolitical interests.”

For them, “this deeper study must be integral to theological formation, equipping leaders to discern the profound spiritual, ethical, and sociocultural currents shaping religious life in Nigeria today.”

Following the four-day annual conference, CATHAN members expressed their commitment to “fostering a theology of encounter that informs interreligious dialogue, community engagement, and the pursuit of peace and justice.”

This story was first published by ACI Africa, CNA's news partner in Africa, and has been adapted by CNA.

Cardinals participate in the fifth Novendiales Mass for Pope Francis on April 30, 2025, in St. Peter’s Basilica at the Vatican. / Credit: Daniel Ibañez/CNA

Vatican City, May 1, 2025 / 07:00 am (CNA).

Members of the College of Cardinals have gathered in Rome in anticipation of the subsequent election of Pope Francis’ successor. 

There are currently 252 cardinals, 133 of whom are eligible and expected to vote in the conclave. They range in age from 45 to 99. 

Pope Francis chose 149 of the current members of the college, most of whom will help choose his successor as cardinal electors. Though cardinals over the age of 80 cannot vote in the conclave, they do participate in pre-conclave meetings, called general congregations, and can still have an influence over who is chosen. 

Here are some of the cardinals who will choose the next leader of the Catholic Church.

Vatican 

The cardinals serving in the Roman Curia have some of the most visibility and the most influence in the college, starting with Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the secretary of state during Pope Francis’ pontificate. In that position, the Italian is among the highest-ranking members of the Roman Curia, the body that governs the Holy See together with the pope. Because the dean and vice dean of the College of Cardinals are both over 80, the 70-year-old Parolin will manage the conclave from inside the Sistine Chapel.

A relative newcomer to the college, 69-year-old Italian Cardinal Claudio Gugerotti has led the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches since late 2022, after over two decades in the diplomatic service of the Church as the pope’s representative in countries such as Ukraine, Great Britain, Belarus, Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan. 

Before becoming prefect of the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints and a cardinal in 2020, Cardinal Marcello Semeraro, 77, was bishop of the Italian Diocese of Albano and secretary of Pope Francis’ Council of Cardinal advisers. As a bishop, Semeraro had several important roles in the Italian bishops’ conference.

Cardinal Matteo Zuppi, archbishop of Bologna, began his episcopal career as an auxiliary bishop of Rome. The 69-year-old Zuppi is close to the influential Sant’Egidio community and, as a priest, worked with the Catholic lay association to help broker peace in Mozambique. Pope Francis tapped the experienced mediator as his peace envoy in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in 2023. 

Pope Francis demonstrated an immense amount of trust in 77-year-old Irish-American Cardinal Kevin Farrell, who in addition to being made prefect of the Dicastery for the Laity, the Family, and Life was tapped to lead both a committee on investments and commission on confidential materials created as part of Vatican financial reform efforts. In 2019, Francis also named Farrell to be camerlengo of the holy Roman Church, the position responsible for ascertaining the pope’s death, organizing the papal funeral, and for managing Vatican administration during the “sede vacante.” 

Cardinal Luis Tagle, from the Philippines, was heavily involved in the organization of the 2019 Synod on Young People. The 67-year-old cardinal is pro-prefect for the Section of First Evangelization of the Dicastery for Evangelization (formerly the Congregation for Evangelization) and previously led the Vatican-connected charitable network Caritas Internationalis. 

As secretary-general of the Synod of Bishops since 2020, 68-year-old Cardinal Mario Grech oversaw the planning and execution of Pope Francis’ multiyear Synod on Synodality. The Maltese cardinal was also a prominent voice following the 2014 and 2015 synods on the family and helped organize the 2019 Amazon synod. 

A prominent canonist and former rector of the Pontifical Gregorian University, Jesuit priest Gianfranco Ghirlanda was elevated to cardinal in 2022 at the age of 80. The following year, Pope Francis also appointed him patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Ghirlanda was a close adviser of popes and of Vatican offices on issues of canon law and assisted in the renewal of the religious congregation the Legion of Christ among others. At the age of 82, he is a non-elector. 

Cardinal Robert Sarah, prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, is recognized around the world for his spiritual writing and orthodox position on Church teachings. Originally from Guinea, where he became the youngest bishop in the world in 1975, in Rome the 79-year-old is considered an influential voice on the faith following his years as head of the pontifical council Cor Unum, and then prefect of the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments. He retired in 2021. 

Highly regarded in and outside the Vatican, Cardinal Peter Turkson, 76, is chancellor of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences. From Ghana, his first role in the Vatican was president of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace from 2009 to 2017. Pope Francis then chose him as inaugural prefect of the Dicastery for the Promotion of Integral Human Development from 2017 to 2021.

North America 

North America, comprising Canada and the United States, has 36 living cardinals, 20 of whom are eligible to vote in the conclave. One of the most senior is Cardinal Timothy Dolan, 75, archbishop of New York since 2009. A leading conservative voice among U.S. cardinals, Dolan’s previous posts include a four-year term as president of the U.S. bishops’ conference and seven years as rector of the Pontifical North American College, a seminary in Rome for U.S. students preparing for priesthood. 

Archbishop of Chicago for over 10 years, 76-year-old Cardinal Blase Cupich emerged during Francis’ pontificate as an unofficial go-between for the more left-leaning U.S. bishops and the Vatican. 

While not an American, in the North American region Cardinal Christophe Pierre wields significant influence as the pope’s representative to the United States of America since 2016. The 79-year-old Frenchman has served in the diplomatic service of the Holy See since the mid-1990s as apostolic nuncio to Haiti, Uganda, and Mexico. 

Africa 

There are 18 cardinal electors from Africa in the college, 16 of whom were chosen by Pope Francis, including Cardinal Fridolin Ambongo, archbishop of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of Congo. A champion for social justice, including in the political sphere, the 65-year-old cardinal has emerged as a leader of the Church in Africa. He is president of the Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM) and led the Church in Africa’s opposition to Fiducia Supplicans, a declaration from the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith allowing the blessing of same-sex couples.  

Cardinal Dieudonné Nzapalainga of Bangui, 58, was the Church’s youngest cardinal at the time of his elevation in 2016 and is the first-ever cardinal from the Central African Republic. In November 2015, he welcomed Pope Francis in the Diocese of Bangui where the Holy Father opened the first door of the Holy Year of Mercy. As a participant in the 2018 Youth Synod, Nzapalainga emphasized the importance of the Gospel and resisting Western “ideological colonization.” 

Europe 

Many of the important voices among cardinals in Europe are non-electors, including Cardinal Angelo Bagnasco, the archbishop emeritus of Genoa. The 82-year-old was president of the Italian bishops’ conference from 2007–2017 and served five-year terms as vice president and then president of the Council of European Bishops’ Conferences (CCEE). 

The 94-year-old Cardinal Camillo Ruini is also an influential figure in the Church in Italy. He has held many different leadership roles, most importantly as vicar general of Rome from 1991–2008 and president of the Italian bishops’ conference from 1991–2007. 

Luxembourg’s archbishop, Cardinal Jean-Claude Hollerich, SJ, was a key leader of the multiyear Synod on Synodality at the Vatican. The 66-year-old, who has occasionally expressed controversial opinions on issues such as women priests and homosexuality, was a member of the pope’s council of cardinal advisers and spent a term as president of the European bishops’ commission (COMECE). 

Cardinal Roberto Repole, archbishop of the northern Italian Archdiocese of Turin and bishop of Susa, is a rising star in the Italian episcopate. The 58-year-old theologian, made a cardinal in 2024, was one of the Italian bishop delegates to the Synod on Synodality, during which he was invited to speak as an expert at a public theological forum. He is also a member of a synod study group on “the synodal missionary face of the local Church.” 

Recently retired as archbishop of Vienna, Austria, Cardinal Christoph Schönborn, 80, is also a non-elector. A theologian who led Austria’s most populous archdiocese for three decades, Schönborn helped write the Catechism of the Catholic Church and chaired the Austrian bishops’ conference for 22 years. He was also chairman of Pope Francis’ Council of Cardinals. 

Asia/Oceania 

Cardinal Mario Zenari, 79, originally from Italy, has served as the pope’s representative in Syria since 2008, where he has been a powerful advocate for the people suffering for over a decade from civil war and for Christians throughout the Middle East. As a member of the Vatican’s diplomatic corps since 1980, he was stationed in Germany during the fall of the Berlin Wall. He has also been apostolic nuncio in Sri Lanka, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, and Niger, and been the Holy See’s observer at several United Nations institutions. 

The head of the Federation of Asian Bishops’ Conference (FABC), Cardinal Charles Bo became the first cardinal of Myanmar in 2015. The 76-year-old cardinal, who has led the Archdiocese of Yangon since 2003, told EWTN News in 2021 he feels called to be a voice for human rights for his people in the Church in Asia, including under Myanmar’s military coup. 

Latin America 

Cardinal Leonardo Ulrich Steiner, OFM, is archbishop of Manaus in the Amazonian part of Brazil. The 74-year-old cardinal participated in both the Amazon synod and the Synod on Synodality and is known for being a defender of the poor and Indigenous. He is also considered “pro-LGBTQ.” In the past he has stated that “there will be a way” to end mandatory priestly celibacy. 

The 64-year-old Cardinal Jaime Spengler, OFM, has emerged as a prominent figure in the Church in Brazil and throughout South America, heading both the Catholic bishops’ conference of Brazil and the Latin American bishops’ conference (CELAM). As archbishop of Porto Alegre, he has also supported an Amazonian rite of the Mass and urged “openness” to the idea of married priests to combat priest shortages in his part of the world.  

A fellow Brazilian, Cardinal João Braz de Aviz retired as prefect of the Vatican’s congregation for consecrated life in January. The 78-year-old supports liberation theology and was one of Pope Francis’ hand-picked delegates to the 2019 Amazon Synod. 

Cardinal Fernando Sturla Berhouet, SDB, heads the Archdiocese of Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay. Before becoming a bishop, Sturla, a member of the Salesian religious order, served as Salesian provincial for Uruguay and then president of the Conference of Religious of Uruguay. The 65-year-old cardinal has battled to preserve the faith as his country becomes increasingly secular. His priestly ministry is characterized by a care for the weakest and the spiritual accompaniment of young people. 

Archivists show a handwritten book of the Rule of St. Augustine found in the Sisters of Charity of St. Augustine’s archives, an example of the materials that will be preserved in WRAC’s future heritage center. / Credit: Courtesy of the Women Religious Archives Collaborative

CNA Staff, May 1, 2025 / 06:00 am (CNA).

A group of religious sisters in Cleveland is launching a multimillion-dollar archive center that will help collect, preserve, and share the stories of women religious in the United States. 

Sister Susan Durkin, OSU, told CNA that the Women Religious Archives Collaborative will ensure the preservation of the “tremendous stories of how sisters in the United States overcame insurmountable obstacles to serve the people in front of them.”

Durkin said that when she was serving as the president of the Ursuline Sisters of Cleveland, the congregation undertook a project to downsize its motherhouse. 

“In our downsizing we had to make a decision about what to do with our archives,” she said, describing the storage option in the reduced space as “not a long-term strategy.” 

Leaders in the Cleveland Diocese expressed interest in a possible archive project. The Ursuline congregation, meanwhile, was working with an archival consultant on its own collection. 

Durkin said the archivist told them: “Look, this project is bigger than the Diocese of Cleveland. You might want to reach out further.” 

The sisters began inquiring in multiple states. The Sisters of Charity Foundation of Cleveland, meanwhile, provided seed money to help launch the project. After undertaking sustainability modeling, the project became incorporated in 2022. 

“We’re incorporated in the state of Ohio and we’re in the Catholic directory,” Durkin said. “We have a board, a board committee, bylaws, codes, and regulations. We’re an official nonprofit. We’re looking to build this heritage center here in Cleveland.”

‘Really a unique and inspirational story’

The project has already amassed dozens of collections from around the country, Durkin said. 

“Right now we have 41 collections and continue to be in conversation with other congregations,” she said. “It grew from something that was regional to something bigger.”

The collections will include historical information about why a religious community served in a certain area and why it expanded to other places, Durkin said. “There will be individual sister stories, ministry stories, and then the sisters’ influence in the arts and music.” 

One particular area of focus, she said, will be in how many congregations, post-Vatican II, experienced a shift in ministry from more institutional systems like medical care and education to broader endeavors. 

“There are so many tremendous stories of how sisters overcame insurmountable obstacles to serve the people in front of them,” she said. “It’s not just that we’re preserving history. It’s about animating those stories. The sisters aren’t going away, and we need to manage these collections in a way that becomes useful and visible.”

The centerpiece of the project is a major facility in the Central neighborhood of Cleveland, which Durkin noted is “one of the poorest per capita in the U.S.” The sisters are aiming to have the archival center revitalize the neighborhood.

“We’re making an investment there,” Durkin said, calling the effort “not gentrification, but a renaissance.”

The archival project has launched a major capital campaign to that end with the goal of raising $24 million. The building itself will cost $22 million and the sisters hope to cover operational costs for the first year. 

The facility will include research facilities for archivists and other historians as well as an exhibit space with permanent and rotating exhibits, along with multipurpose rooms and other accommodations.

Ultimately, Durkin said, the goal of the project is to ensure that people will have access to the history and the stories of women religious in the United States, offering “examples for up-and-coming generations to show how our faith motivates us and how it’s important to us.”

“I think that resilience and that determination, and just total reliance on the providence of God, is really a unique and inspirational story,” she said. “And we need to continue to tell that.”

In 2021, the Knights of Columbus announced the selection of this icon of St. Joseph holding the Child Jesus as the centerpiece of the current K of C pilgrim icon prayer program. The original icon was created (or “written”) by Élizabeth Bergeron, an iconographer in Montréal, based on a drawing by Alexandre Sobolev. / Credit: Courtesy of Knights of Columbus

CNA Staff, May 1, 2025 / 04:00 am (CNA).

St. Joseph, the beloved spouse of the Blessed Virgin Mary and earthly father of Jesus, is celebrated twice by the Catholic Church every year — first on March 19 for the feast of St. Joseph, Husband of Mary, and again on May 1 for the feast of St. Joseph the Worker.

While the saint’s March feast dates back to the 10th century, his May feast wasn’t instituted until 1955. What was behind it?

May Day

Pope Pius XII instituted the feast of St. Joseph the Worker on May 1, 1955, so that it would coincide with International Workers Day, also known as May Day — a secular celebration of labor and workers’ rights.

During this time, the Soviet Union proclaimed itself as “the defender of workers” and utilized May Day as an opportunity to exalt communism and parade its military prowess. Pope Pius XII chose the date specifically to ensure that workers did not lose the Christian understanding of work.

In his address to the Catholic Association of Italian Workers on that day in 1955, Pius XII said: “There could not be a better protector to help you penetrate the spirit of the Gospel into your life … From the heart of the Man-God, Savior of the world, this spirit flows into you and into all men; but it is certain that no worker has ever been as perfectly and deeply penetrated by it as the putative father of Jesus, who lived with him in the closest intimacy and commonality of family and work.”

He added: “So, if you want to be close to Christ, we also today repeat to you ‘Ite ad Ioseph’ — Go to Joseph!”

The Catholic Church has long placed an importance on the dignity of human work. By working, we fulfill the commands found in the Book of Genesis to care for the earth and be productive in our labors.

In his encyclical Laborem Exercens, Pope John Paul II wrote that “the Church considers it her task always to call attention to the dignity and rights of those who work, to condemn situations in which that dignity and those rights are violated, and to help to guide [social] changes so as to ensure authentic progress by man and society.”

St. Joseph is considered a role model of this as he worked tirelessly to protect and provide for his family as he strove to listen to and obey God.

Even before the institution of this feast, many popes were beginning to spread a devotion to St. Joseph the Worker. One of these was Pope Leo XIII, who wrote on the subject in his encyclical Quamquam Pluries in 1889.

He wrote: “Joseph became the guardian, the administrator, and the legal defender of the divine house whose chief he was. And during the whole course of his life he fulfilled those charges and those duties. He set himself to protect with a mighty love and a daily solicitude his spouse and the Divine Infant; regularly by his work he earned what was necessary for the one and the other for nourishment and clothing; he guarded from death the Child threatened by a monarch’s jealousy, and found for him a refuge; in the miseries of the journey and in the bitternesses of exile he was ever the companion, the assistance, and the upholder of the Virgin and of Jesus.”

In addition to being the patron of the universal Church and workers in general, St. Joseph is also the patron saint of several professions including craftsmen, carpenters, accountants, attorneys, bursars, cabinetmakers, cemetery workers, civil engineers, confectioners, educators, furniture makers, wheelwrights, and lawyers.

This article was first publoshed on May 1, 2024, and has been updated.

Cardinal Leonardo Sandri celebrates Mass on the fifth day of Novendiales Masses for Pope Francis on April 30, 2025, at St. Peter’s Basilica at the Vatican. / Credit: Daniel Ibañez/CNA

Vatican City, Apr 30, 2025 / 18:34 pm (CNA).

Cardinal Leonardo Sandri on Wednesday recalled one of the traditional titles for the pope, the “servant of the servants of God,” and emphasized the papal roles of service and confirming Catholics in the faith.

In several days, Sandri said, the cardinal proto deacon will announce to the Church and the world the “‘gaudium magnum’ (‘great joy’) of having a new pope.”

“It is from the paschal experience of Christ,” he continued, “that the ministry of the successor of Peter finds meaning, called at all times to live out the words just heard in the Gospel: ‘And you, once converted, confirm your brothers.’”

Sandri celebrated Mass for the College of Cardinals and the Papal Chapel (members of the Papal House) in St. Peter’s Basilica for the fifth day of the Novendiales, the nine days of mourning for Pope Francis, which include daily Masses for the repose of his soul.

Sandri is vice dean of the College of Cardinals. At 81 years of age, he is not a cardinal elector and thus will not participate in the conclave beginning May 7, but he is attending pre-conclave meetings with the rest of the cardinals in Rome.

In his homily at Mass, Sandri said: “Today it is the cardinal fathers who are called to participate in the Novendiales, almost a central stage of this ecclesial journey, huddling together in prayer as a collegium and entrusting to the Lord the one whose first collaborators and advisers they have been, or at least have sought to be, in the Roman Curia as well as in dioceses throughout the world.”

According to the Argentinian cardinal, just as Pope Francis exemplified the title of “servant” in many ways during his pontificate, the cardinals, too, are “called to serve, witnessing to the Gospel ‘usque ad effusionem sanguinis’ (‘even to the shedding of blood’), as we swore on the day of the creation of cardinals and is signified by the red we wear, offering ourselves, collegially and as individuals, as the first collaborators of the successor of the blessed Apostle Peter.”

Sandri also pointed out that the next pope will be entrusted with fulfilling Pope Francis’ vision for the rest of the 2025 Jubilee of Hope, which has continued in a modified way during the time of the sede vacante and which points to an upcoming, important anniversary for the life of the Church: the 2,000-year anniversary of Redemption through Christ’s passion, death, and resurrection in 2033.

President Donald Trump signs executive orders in the Oval Office of the White House. / Credit: The White House

Washington, D.C. Newsroom, Apr 30, 2025 / 17:43 pm (CNA).

President Donald Trump passed the 100-day mark of his second presidency on Tuesday, April 29, a period that has been packed with major policy shifts, more than 130 executive orders, and over 200 lawsuits.

Trump won the country’s Catholic vote by double digits last November and since then has received praise from Catholics on several issues but skepticism and even legal challenges on others.

Actions that have received the enthusiastic endorsement of many Catholics include the administration’s initial pro-life efforts, religious liberty protections, and moves to extricate gender ideology from the government. However, the president’s embrace of in vitro fertilization (IVF), his hard-line immigration policies, and his funding cuts to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have caused tensions with the bishops and Catholic groups.

Pro-life victories and shortfalls

“It’s pretty clear that [Trump] has done almost everything that he could to reverse the different pro-abortion policies of the [President Joe] Biden administration,” Joseph Meaney, a past president and senior fellow of the National Catholic Bioethics Center, told CNA.

Meaney noted that Trump reinstated the Mexico City Policy, which bans funding for overseas organizations that promote abortion, and backs the Hyde Amendment, which prohibits direct federal funding for abortion. The president also announced plans to freeze millions of taxpayer dollars for Planned Parenthood, which Meaney said is used “to subsidize their abortion business.”

He added that the administration is revising agency and departmental rules and regulations that are related to abortion, and much of the Biden-era policies have been rescinded or “are going to be reversed.” This includes the last administration dropping conscience protections for health care providers on abortion-related issues, instituting rules that employers must grant leave for an employee to obtain an abortion, and the Pentagon paying workers to travel for abortions, among other pro-abortion initiatives.

Trump also directed the United States to rejoin the Geneva Consensus Declaration, which is a coalition of countries that support pro-life and pro-woman policies.

Meaney praised Trump’s decision to pardon 23 “peaceful, nonviolent pro-lifers” who were convicted of violating the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances (FACE) Act, adding that many people in the pro-life movement believed “there had been a policy on the part of the previous administration to go after pro-lifers in an unreasonable way.”

However, Trump’s executive order to create a plan to boost IVF access is “highly objectionable [and] problematic from a pro-life perspective,” he said. Rather than the deregulation backed by Trump, he said “there needs to be a lot more health and safety and other restrictions.”

Trump also signed an executive order directing the nation’s attorney general to pursue the death penalty in federal cases, especially for murders of police officers. The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) criticized this order.

Moving forward, Meaney said he hopes the administration will impose regulations on the abortion pill mifepristone, which he said is “probably the No. 1 issue” currently. It was deregulated in the last two Democratic administrations, but Meaney said reimposing the original safeguards is “very, very doable” for the Trump administration.

Religious liberty, gender ideology, and education wins

On religious liberty policies, “the Trump administration has done what you would hope it would do,” Peter Breen, the head of litigation at the Thomas More Society, told CNA.

“The speed and the vigor of these efforts is 10 times the speed of the first administration,” Breen said. ”They are moving at lightning speed.”

Trump created the White House Faith Office and established a task force on anti-Christian bias to review and revise federal policies throughout federal departments and agencies that threaten religious liberty. This includes a Biden-era rule on “gender identity” discrimination that could have barred Catholic institutions from federal contracts, according to the USCCB.

The bishops were concerned the rule would end contracts with Catholic hospitals if they did not perform transgender surgeries on children and end contracts with foster care providers that did not place children with same-sex couples.

Another Biden-era rule sought to force Catholic hospitals to perform abortions in emergency rooms if the abortion is considered a “stabilizing treatment.”

The new office and the task force are specifically “dealing with some of the issues that we have been working on for our clients,” Breen said.

“The fact that he has so vigorously advanced the cause of religious liberty and the full inclusion of people of faith and their ministries in the government and regular life — that is a real achievement,” Breen added. “That is going to have a lasting impact.”

Moving forward, Breen said it’s important to look at “enforcement actions” to ensure officials are following through with the president’s directives to safeguard religious liberty.

In addition to Trump’s policies directly focused on religious liberty, Breen noted that federal promotion of gender ideology “has mostly come to a stop.” The president signed an executive order that defined a “woman” as an “adult human female” and rejected definitions based on a person’s “self-asserted gender identity” for the purpose of federal rules and regulations, which reversed the standard of the previous administration.

Trump further clarified Title IX protections for gender-related education policies with executive actions. Those policies prohibit biological men from participating in women’s sports and ensure that locker rooms, bathrooms, and other private facilities are separated on the basis of biological sex rather than self-asserted gender identity.

Susan Hanssen, a professor of American history at the University of Dallas (a Catholic institution), told CNA that in her estimation, Trump’s order to scale back and eventually eliminate the U.S. Department of Education is “the greatest triumph of Trump’s first 100 days in office from the point of view of Catholic social teaching.” 

“Any action that will make it easier for parents to exert their authority over how their children are educated, bringing control over education down to the state and local levels, enabling charter schools, school voucher programs, etc., are fundamental to pro-family policy,” Hanssen said.

“The fact that the Department of Education has also been ideologically hijacked by progressive educational theories, the vested interests of teachers unions, LGBT ideology, and critical race theory makes it all the more urgent to liberate families to find and fund the education they want for their children,” she added.

Immigration and Catholic NGO funding tensions

Trump’s immigration policies over his first 100 days in office have created tensions with Catholic bishops, particularly over his plans to conduct mass deportations of immigrants who entered the country illegally and his actions to freeze federal funds for NGOs that resettle migrants.

In February, the USCCB sued the Trump administration after the freeze halted funds to several Catholic NGOs that received funds to provide these services. The USCCB is currently phasing out its migration programs, which were primarily funded with federal money. Catholic Charities agencies across the country cut programs and laid off employees after losing federal funding.

“For more than 100 years, the Catholic Church has consistently supported and advocated for immigrants and refugees arriving in the United States,” Julia Young, a historian and professor at The Catholic University of America, told CNA.

“The loss of funds related to refugee resettlement threatens to derail a very important element of that work,” she added. “Yet Catholic organizations and the Catholic hierarchy, which are driven by Catholic social teaching to minister to the poor and needy, will certainly continue to find ways to respond to the needs of migrants and refugees in the United States."

Trump froze most of the country’s foreign aid funding as well, which impacted several Catholic NGOs. Catholic Relief Services (CRS) and Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS) were both forced to cut programs and lay off staff as a result.

JRS spokeswoman Bridget Cusick told CNA the freeze “had immediate negative consequences for people who have fled persecution, oppression, abuse, insecurity, discrimination, and lack of opportunity.”

“JRS was compelled to suspend operations in nine countries, including those that provided critical, lifesaving care,” Cusick said.

“Two of our programs were later reinstated, but we estimate that the changes we were forced to make impacted more than 100,000 people, including unaccompanied children,” she continued. “Thanks to the support of the Jesuit network, our board, and others, we have found ways to keep impacted programs running, but in dramatically reduced fashion, leaving thousands at risk.”

Cusick said JRS “will continue its work, but we are deeply concerned that the U.S. and indeed, other countries cutting foreign aid, seem to be trying to deny the existence of a refugee crisis, even as more than 120 million people in the world remain displaced.”

Hanssen alternatively noted that some foreign aid programs were being used to promote gender ideology and population control in other parts of the world and praised the dismantling of such programs.

USAID had become “riddled with skewed grant programs that ‘ideologically colonize’ developing countries — many of them Catholic countries in Africa and Latin America — by tying economic assistance to population control, gender ideology, and leftist political agendas,” Hanssen pointed out. 

The freeze in the international funding for NGOs has also been the subject of several lawsuits.